Dual role of 2-aminodiphenylamine with graphene oxide-palladium supported catalyst for direct methanol fuel cell application and removal of Otto fuel II component

For the first time, we describe the synthesis of Pd nanoparticles (Pd(0)) using 2-aminodiphenylamine (2ADPA) with graphene oxide as support. Furthermore, we incorporated the Pd(0)-2ADPA, which was enriched with graphene oxide and used to modify a glassy carbon electrode surface. We used this catalyst as the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in the alkaline media shows good catalytic behavior within the fuel cell application and removal of the Otto fuel II component. Several characterizations evidence the successful formation of Pd(0)-2ADPA by spectroscopic and optical techniques. We have studied the reduction reaction of the 2-nitrodiphenylamine (2-NDPA) to investigate the catalytic performance of the synthesized material. We used various electrochemical methods, for example, chronoamperometry (CA) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), to review the stability of our proposed catalyst. The stability of the Pd electrocatalyst was improved by covering it with 2ADPA. The incorporated Pt-free electrocatalyst is incredibly favorable for facilitating the direct methanol fuel cell cost due to the incorporation of conductive polymer support material.