Next‐Generation Water Treatment With Molybdenum Disulfide: Dual‐Functionality in Pollutant Adsorption and Photocatalysis

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has attracted attention as a promising material due to the growing demand for environmentally friendly, cost‐effective, and efficient water treatment techniques. With its physicochemical characteristics, this stratified bidimensional material allows it to be highly effective in adsorption and catalytic performance of a wide range of pollutants, such as organic contaminants, colorings, and heavy metals (HMs). MoS2 enhances water purification under moderate conditions due to its larger surface area (SA), mobile electronic properties, and numerous active edge sites. Addressing constraints, such as low conductivity, a limited number of active sites, and structural instability, through innovative strategies, including defect engineering, heterostructure synthesis, and dopant incorporation, will be vital to unlocking the full potential of MoS2 for environmental remediation. Through ongoing interdisciplinary research and technological advancements, MoS2 is positioned at the forefront of breakthrough materials for next‐generation water treatment, providing a sustainable solution to significant environmental concerns. In this review, we have discussed MoS2‐based materials for water purification. Simultaneously, the basic properties (structural, chemical, and electrical) and adsorptive (removal of heavy metals and organic pollutants) as well as photocatalytic applications of MoS2 have been discussed. Finally, we conclude by addressing the current challenges and future scope of the proposed theme.