Short communication: Heritability of methane production and genetic correlations with milk yield and body weight in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows

Greenhouse gases originating from the dairy sector, including methane (CH₄), contribute to global warming. A possible strategy to reduce CH₄ production is to use genetic selection. This requires genetic parameters for CH₄ production and correlations with production traits. Data were available on 184 Holstein-Friesian cows. Methane production was measured in the milking robot during milking from December 2009 to April 2010. In total 2,456 observations for CH₄ production were available. Milk yield (MY) and body weight (BW) were obtained at every milking from November 2008 to October 2010. In total 4,567 observations for milk yield and 4,570 observations for BW were available. Restricted maximum likelihood, using random regression models, was used to analyze the data. Heritability (standard error given in parentheses) for CH₄ production ranged from 0.12 (0.16) to 0.45 (0.11), and genetic correlations with MY ranged from 0.49 (0.12) to 0.54 (0.26). The positive genetic correlation between CH₄ production and milk yield indicates that care needs to be taken when genetically selecting for lower CH₄ production, to avoid a decrease in MY at the animal level. However, this study shows that CH₄ production is moderately heritable and therefore progress through genetic selection is possible.