Temporal and spatial variation in Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in Swedish moose (Alces alces)

J Malmsten; D Gavier Widen; G Rydevik; L Yon; MR Hutchings; CG Thulin; L Soderquist; A Aspan; S Stuen; AM Dalin

doi:10.1017/S0950268813002094

Temporal and spatial variation in Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in Swedish moose (Alces alces)

J Malmsten, D Gavier Widen, G Rydevik, L Yon, MR Hutchings, CG Thulin, L Soderquist, A Aspan, S Stuen, AM Dalin

Disease Systems

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Abstract

The occurrence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum was investigated in spleen and serum samples from Swedish moose (Alces alces) in southern Sweden (island and mainland). Samples were analysed for presence of A. phagocytophilum DNA by real-time PCR (n=263), and for Anaplasma antibodies with ELISA serology (n=234). All serum samples had antibodies against A. phagocytophilum. The mean DNA-based prevalence was 26·3%, and significant (P<0·01) temporal, and spatial variation was found. Island moose had significantly (P<0·001) higher prevalence of A. phagocytophilum DNA than moose from the mainland areas. Two samples were sequenced to determine genetic variation in the 16S rRNA and groESL genes. Genetic sequence similarity with the human granulocytic anaplasmosis agent, equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent, and different wildlife-associated A. phagocytophilum variants were observed in the 16S rRNA and groESL genes. Our study shows that moose are exposed to A. phagocytophilum in Sweden, and represent a potential wildlife reservoir of the pathogen.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1205 - 1213
Number of pages	9
Journal	Epidemiology and Infection
Volume	142
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268813002094
Publication status	First published - 2014

Keywords

Ehrlichia
Epidemiology
HGA
Moose
PCR
Serology
Tick-borne fever

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title = "Temporal and spatial variation in Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in Swedish moose (Alces alces)",

abstract = "The occurrence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum was investigated in spleen and serum samples from Swedish moose (Alces alces) in southern Sweden (island and mainland). Samples were analysed for presence of A. phagocytophilum DNA by real-time PCR (n=263), and for Anaplasma antibodies with ELISA serology (n=234). All serum samples had antibodies against A. phagocytophilum. The mean DNA-based prevalence was 26·3%, and significant (P<0·01) temporal, and spatial variation was found. Island moose had significantly (P<0·001) higher prevalence of A. phagocytophilum DNA than moose from the mainland areas. Two samples were sequenced to determine genetic variation in the 16S rRNA and groESL genes. Genetic sequence similarity with the human granulocytic anaplasmosis agent, equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent, and different wildlife-associated A. phagocytophilum variants were observed in the 16S rRNA and groESL genes. Our study shows that moose are exposed to A. phagocytophilum in Sweden, and represent a potential wildlife reservoir of the pathogen.",

keywords = "Ehrlichia, Epidemiology, HGA, Moose, PCR, Serology, Tick-borne fever",

author = "J Malmsten and {Gavier Widen}, D and G Rydevik and L Yon and MR Hutchings and CG Thulin and L Soderquist and A Aspan and S Stuen and AM Dalin",

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doi = "10.1017/S0950268813002094",

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T1 - Temporal and spatial variation in Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in Swedish moose (Alces alces)

AU - Malmsten, J

AU - Gavier Widen, D

AU - Rydevik, G

AU - Yon, L

AU - Hutchings, MR

AU - Thulin, CG

AU - Soderquist, L

AU - Aspan, A

AU - Stuen, S

AU - Dalin, AM

PY - 2014

Y1 - 2014

N2 - The occurrence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum was investigated in spleen and serum samples from Swedish moose (Alces alces) in southern Sweden (island and mainland). Samples were analysed for presence of A. phagocytophilum DNA by real-time PCR (n=263), and for Anaplasma antibodies with ELISA serology (n=234). All serum samples had antibodies against A. phagocytophilum. The mean DNA-based prevalence was 26·3%, and significant (P<0·01) temporal, and spatial variation was found. Island moose had significantly (P<0·001) higher prevalence of A. phagocytophilum DNA than moose from the mainland areas. Two samples were sequenced to determine genetic variation in the 16S rRNA and groESL genes. Genetic sequence similarity with the human granulocytic anaplasmosis agent, equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent, and different wildlife-associated A. phagocytophilum variants were observed in the 16S rRNA and groESL genes. Our study shows that moose are exposed to A. phagocytophilum in Sweden, and represent a potential wildlife reservoir of the pathogen.

AB - The occurrence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum was investigated in spleen and serum samples from Swedish moose (Alces alces) in southern Sweden (island and mainland). Samples were analysed for presence of A. phagocytophilum DNA by real-time PCR (n=263), and for Anaplasma antibodies with ELISA serology (n=234). All serum samples had antibodies against A. phagocytophilum. The mean DNA-based prevalence was 26·3%, and significant (P<0·01) temporal, and spatial variation was found. Island moose had significantly (P<0·001) higher prevalence of A. phagocytophilum DNA than moose from the mainland areas. Two samples were sequenced to determine genetic variation in the 16S rRNA and groESL genes. Genetic sequence similarity with the human granulocytic anaplasmosis agent, equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent, and different wildlife-associated A. phagocytophilum variants were observed in the 16S rRNA and groESL genes. Our study shows that moose are exposed to A. phagocytophilum in Sweden, and represent a potential wildlife reservoir of the pathogen.

KW - Ehrlichia

KW - Epidemiology

KW - HGA

KW - Moose

KW - PCR

KW - Serology

KW - Tick-borne fever

U2 - 10.1017/S0950268813002094

DO - 10.1017/S0950268813002094

M3 - Article

SN - 1469-4409

VL - 142

SP - 1205

EP - 1213

JO - Epidemiology and Infection

JF - Epidemiology and Infection

IS - 6

ER -

Temporal and spatial variation in Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in Swedish moose (Alces alces)

Abstract

Keywords

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